Biological psychology, also referred to as biopsychology, psychobiology, physiological psychology, or behavioral neuroscience, is the branch of psychology that examines the ways in which the brain, neurotransmitters, and other physiological processes impact behavior, emotions, and thoughts. This field of study delves into topics such as how the eyes transmit information to the brain when reading.
The origins of biological psychology can be traced back to the 18th and 19th centuries, when it emerged from a combination of scientific and philosophical traditions. William James, considered the father of biological psychology, emphasized the importance of biology in understanding mental processes and behavior in his book ‘The Principles of Psychology’ (1890). He viewed psychology as a scientific field and recognized the crucial role that the brain plays in consciousness.
Reference: Biological Psychology by James W. Kalat